mn.133 Majjhima Nikāya (Middle Discourses)

Mahākaccāna and One Fine Night

So I have heard.
At one time the Buddha was staying near Rājagaha in the Hot Springs Monastery.
Then Venerable Samiddhi rose at the crack of dawn and went to the hot springs to bathe.
When he had bathed and emerged from the water he stood in one robe drying himself.
Then, late at night, a glorious deity, lighting up the entire hot springs, went up to Samiddhi, stood to one side, and said to Samiddhi:
“Mendicant, do you remember the recitation passage and analysis of One Fine Night?”
“No, reverend, I do not.
Do you?”
“I also do not.
But do you remember just the verses on One Fine Night?”
“I do not.
Do you?”
“I also do not.
Learn the recitation passage and analysis of One Fine Night, mendicant,
memorize it,
and remember it.
It is beneficial and relates to the fundamentals of the spiritual life.”
That’s what that deity said,
before vanishing right there.
Then, when the night had passed, Samiddhi went to the Buddha, bowed, sat down to one side, and told him what had happened. Then he added:


















“Sir, please teach me the recitation passage and analysis of One Fine night.”
“Well then, mendicant, listen and pay close attention, I will speak.”
“Yes, sir,” Samiddhi replied.
The Buddha said this:
“Don’t run back to the past,
don’t hope for the future.
What’s past is left behind;
the future has not arrived;
and phenomena in the present
are clearly seen in every case.
Knowing this, foster it—
unfaltering, unshakable.
Today’s the day to keenly work—
who knows, tomorrow may bring death!
For there is no bargain to be struck
with Death and his mighty hordes.
The peaceful sage explained it’s those
who keenly meditate like this,
tireless all night and day,
who truly have that one fine night.”
That is what the Buddha said.
When he had spoken, the Holy One got up from his seat and entered his dwelling.
Soon after the Buddha left, those mendicants considered,
“The Buddha gave this brief passage for recitation, then entered his dwelling without explaining the meaning in detail. …
















Who can explain in detail the meaning of this brief summary given by the Buddha?”
Then those mendicants thought:
“This Venerable Mahākaccāna is praised by the Buddha and esteemed by his sensible spiritual companions.
He is capable of explaining in detail the meaning of this brief passage for recitation given by the Buddha.
Let’s go to him, and ask him about this matter.”
Then those mendicants went to Mahākaccāna, and exchanged greetings with him.
When the greetings and polite conversation were over, they sat down to one side. They told him what had happened, and said:
















“May Venerable Mahākaccāna please explain this.”
“Reverends, suppose there was a person in need of heartwood. And while wandering in search of heartwood he’d come across a large tree standing with heartwood. But he’d pass over the roots and trunk, imagining that the heartwood should be sought in the branches and leaves.
Such is the consequence for the venerables. Though you were face to face with the Buddha, you overlooked him, imagining that you should ask me about this matter.
For he is the Buddha, who knows and sees. He is vision, he is knowledge, he is the truth, he is supreme. He is the teacher, the proclaimer, the elucidator of meaning, the bestower of the deathless, the lord of truth, the Realized One.
That was the time to approach the Buddha and ask about this matter. You should have remembered it in line with the Buddha’s answer.”
“Certainly he is the Buddha, who knows and sees. He is vision, he is knowledge, he is the truth, he is supreme. He is the teacher, the proclaimer, the elucidator of meaning, the bestower of the deathless, the lord of truth, the Realized One.
That was the time to approach the Buddha and ask about this matter.
We should have remembered it in line with the Buddha’s answer.
Still, Venerable Mahākaccāna is praised by the Buddha and esteemed by his sensible spiritual companions.
He is capable of explaining in detail the meaning of this brief passage for recitation given by the Buddha.
Please explain this, if it’s no trouble.”
“Well then, reverends, listen and pay close attention, I will speak.”
“Yes, reverend,” they replied.
Venerable Mahākaccāna said this:
“Reverends, the Buddha gave this brief passage for recitation, then entered his dwelling without explaining the meaning in detail:
‘Don’t run back to the past …

tireless all night and day,
who truly have that one fine night.’
And this is how I understand the detailed meaning of this passage for recitation.
And how do you run back to the past?
Consciousness gets tied up there with desire and lust, thinking: ‘In the past I had such eyes and such sights.’
So you take pleasure in that, and that’s when you run back to the past.
Consciousness gets tied up there with desire and lust, thinking: ‘In the past I had such ears and such sounds …
such a nose and such smells …
such a tongue and such tastes …
such a body and such touches …
such a mind and such thoughts.’
So you take pleasure in that, and that’s when you run back to the past.
That’s how you run back to the past.
And how do you not run back to the past?
Consciousness doesn’t get tied up there with desire and lust, thinking: ‘In the past I had such eyes and such sights.’
So you don’t take pleasure in that, and that’s when you no longer run back to the past.
Consciousness doesn’t get tied up there with desire and lust, thinking: ‘In the past I had such ears and such sounds …
such a nose and such smells …
such a tongue and such tastes …
such a body and such touches …
such a mind and such thoughts.’
So you don’t take pleasure in that, and that’s when you no longer run back to the past.
That’s how you don’t run back to the past.
And how do you hope for the future?
The heart is set on getting what it does not have, thinking: ‘May I have such eyes and such sights in the future.’
So you take pleasure in that, and that’s when you hope for the future.
The heart is set on getting what it does not have, thinking: ‘May I have such ears and such sounds …
such a nose and such smells …
such a tongue and such tastes …
such a body and such touches …
such a mind and such thoughts in the future.’
So you take pleasure in that, and that’s when you hope for the future.
That’s how you hope for the future.
And how do you not hope for the future?
The heart is not set on getting what it does not have, thinking: ‘May I have such eyes and such sights in the future.’
So you don’t take pleasure in that, and that’s when you no longer hope for the future.
The heart is not set on getting what it does not have, thinking: ‘May I have such ears and such sounds …
such a nose and such smells …
such a tongue and such tastes …
such a body and such touches …
such a mind and such thoughts in the future.’
So you don’t take pleasure in that, and that’s when you no longer hope for the future.
That’s how you don’t hope for the future.
And how do you falter amid presently arisen phenomena?
Both the eye and sights
are presently arisen.
If consciousness gets tied up there in the present with desire and lust, you take pleasure in that, and that’s when you falter amid presently arisen phenomena.
Both the ear and sounds …
nose and smells …
tongue and tastes …
body and touches …
mind and thoughts
are presently arisen.
If consciousness gets tied up there in the present with desire and lust, you take pleasure in that, and that’s when you falter amid presently arisen phenomena.
That’s how you falter amid presently arisen phenomena.
And how do you not falter amid presently arisen phenomena?
Both the eye and sights
are presently arisen.
If consciousness doesn’t get tied up there in the present with desire and lust, you don’t take pleasure in that, and that’s when you no longer falter amid presently arisen phenomena.
Both the ear and sounds …
nose and smells …
tongue and tastes …
body and touches …
mind and thoughts
are presently arisen.
If consciousness doesn’t get tied up there in the present with desire and lust, you don’t take pleasure in that, and that’s when you no longer falter amid presently arisen phenomena.
That’s how you don’t falter amid presently arisen phenomena.
This is how I understand the detailed meaning of that brief passage for recitation given by the Buddha.





If you wish, you may go to the Buddha and ask him about this.
You should remember it in line with the Buddha’s answer.”
“Yes, reverend,” said those mendicants, approving and agreeing with what Mahākaccāna said. Then they rose from their seats and went to the Buddha, bowed, sat down to one side, and told him what had happened, adding:





























“Mahākaccāna clearly explained the meaning to us in this manner, with these words and phrases.”
“Mahākaccāna is astute, mendicants, he has great wisdom.
If you came to me and asked this question, I would answer it in exactly the same way as Mahākaccāna.
That is what it means, and that’s how you should remember it.”
That is what the Buddha said.
Satisfied, the mendicants were happy with what the Buddha said.