buddha daily wisdom image

an.9.42 Aṅguttara Nikāya (Numbered Discourses)

Pañcala’s Verse

On one occasion Ven. Ananda was staying in Kosambi at Ghosita’s Park. Then Ven. Udayin went to him and, on arrival, exchanged courteous greetings. After an exchange of friendly greetings & courtesies, he sat to one side. As he was sitting there, he said to Ven. Ananda, “This has been said by Pañcalacanda the deva’s son:

‘In a confining place, he found an opening—
the one of extensive wisdom,
the awakened one who awakened to jhana,
the chief bull, withdrawn,
the sage.’

“Now which, my friend, is the confining place? And which opening in the confining place is the Blessed One said to have attained?”

[Ven. Ananda:] “The five strings of sensuality, my friend, are described by the Blessed One as a confining place. Which five? Forms cognizable via the eye—agreeable, pleasing, charming, endearing, fostering desire, enticing; sounds cognizable via the ear… smells cognizable via the nose… tastes cognizable via the tongue… tactile sensations cognizable via the body—agreeable, pleasing, charming, endearing, fostering desire, enticing. These five strings of sensuality are described by the Blessed One as a confining place.

“Now there is the case where a monk—quite secluded from sensuality, secluded from unskillful qualities—enters & remains in the first jhana: rapture & pleasure born of seclusion, accompanied by directed thought & evaluation. Even this much is described by the Blessed One as the attaining of an opening in a confining place, though followed by a sequel. For even there there’s a confining place. What is the confining place there? Just that directed thought & evaluation have not ceased. This is the confining place there.

“Then there is the case where a monk, with the stilling of directed thoughts & evaluations, enters & remains in the second jhana: rapture & pleasure born of composure, unification of awareness free from directed thought & evaluation—internal assurance. Even this much is described by the Blessed One as the attaining of an opening in a confining place, though followed by a sequel. For even there there’s a confining place. What is the confining place there? Just that rapture has not ceased. This is the confining place there.

“Then there is the case where a monk, with the fading of rapture, he remains equanimous, mindful, & alert, and senses pleasure with the body. He enters & remains in the third jhana, of which the Noble Ones declare, ‘Equanimous & mindful, he has a pleasant abiding.’ Even this much is described by the Blessed One as the attaining of an opening in a confining place, though followed by a sequel. For even there there’s a confining place. What is the confining place there? Just that the pleasure of equanimity has not ceased. This is the confining place there.

“Then there is the case where a monk, with the abandoning of pleasure & stress—as with the earlier disappearance of elation & distress—enters & remains in the fourth jhana: purity of equanimity & mindfulness, neither-pleasure-nor-pain. Even this much is described by the Blessed One as the attaining of an opening in a confining place, though followed by a sequel. For even there there’s a confining place. What is the confining place there? Just that the perception of form has not ceased. This is the confining place there.

“Then there is the case where a monk, with the complete transcending of perceptions of form, with the disappearance of perceptions of resistance, and not heeding perceptions of diversity, [perceiving,] ‘Infinite space,’ enters & remains in the dimension of the infinitude of space. Even this much is described by the Blessed One as the attaining of an opening in a confining place, though followed by a sequel. For even there there’s a confining place. What is the confining place there? Just that the perception of the dimension of the infinitude of space has not ceased. This is the confining place there.

“Then there is the case where a monk, with the complete transcending of the dimension of the infinitude of space, [perceiving,] ‘Infinite consciousness,’ enters & remains in the dimension of the infinitude of consciousness. Even this much is described by the Blessed One as the attaining of an opening in a confining place, though followed by a sequel. For even there there’s a confining place. What is the confining place there? Just that the perception of the dimension of the infinitude of consciousness has not ceased. This is the confining place there.

“Then there is the case where a monk, with the complete transcending of the dimension of the infinitude of consciousness, [perceiving,] ‘There is nothing,’ enters & remains in the dimension of nothingness. Even this much is described by the Blessed One as the attaining of an opening in a confining place, though followed by a sequel. For even there there’s a confining place. What is the confining place there? Just that the perception of the dimension of nothingness has not ceased. This is the confining place there.

“Then there is the case where a monk, with the complete transcending of the dimension of nothingness, enters & remains in the dimension of neither perception nor non-perception. Even this much is described by the Blessed One as the attaining of an opening in a confining place, though followed by a sequel. For even there there’s a confining place. What is the confining place there? Just that the perception of the dimension of neither perception nor non-perception has not ceased. This is the confining place there.

“Then there is the case where a monk, with the complete transcending of the dimension of neither perception nor non-perception, enters & remains in the cessation of perception & feeling. And, having seen [that] with discernment, his mental fermentations are completely ended. Even this much is described by the Blessed One as the attaining of an opening in a confining place, without a sequel.”

- Translator: Thanissaro Bhikkhu

- Editor: Gabriel Laera


Cramped

Whatever rapture has not ceased is the confinement there.
Furthermore, take a mendicant who, with the fading away of rapture … enters and remains in the third absorption.
At one time Venerable Ānanda was staying near Kosambi, in Ghosita’s Monastery.
Then Venerable Udāyī went up to Venerable Ānanda and exchanged greetings with him.
When the greetings and polite conversation were over, he sat down to one side and said to Ānanda,
“Reverend, this was said by the god Pañcālacaṇḍa:
‘The opening amid confinement
was discovered by the Buddha of vast intelligence,
who woke up to absorption,
the sage, the solitary bull.’
But what is confinement, and what is the opening amid confinement that the Buddha spoke of?”
“Reverend, these five kinds of sensual stimulation are called ‘confinement’ by the Buddha.
What five?
Sights known by the eye that are likable, desirable, agreeable, pleasant, sensual, and arousing.
Sounds known by the ear …
Smells known by the nose …
Tastes known by the tongue …
Touches known by the body that are likable, desirable, agreeable, pleasant, sensual, and arousing.
These are the five kinds of sensual stimulation that are called ‘confinement’ by the Buddha.
Now, take a mendicant who, quite secluded from sensual pleasures … enters and remains in the first absorption.
To this extent the Buddha spoke of creating an opening amid confinement in a qualified sense.
But it is still confined.
Confined by what?
Whatever placing of the mind and keeping it connected has not ceased is the confinement there.
Furthermore, take a mendicant who, as the placing of the mind and keeping it connected are stilled … enters and remains in the second absorption.
To this extent the Buddha spoke of creating an opening amid confinement in a qualified sense.
But it is still confined.
Confined by what?
To this extent the Buddha spoke of creating an opening amid confinement in a qualified sense.
But it is still confined.
Confined by what?
Whatever equanimous bliss has not ceased is the confinement there.
Furthermore, take a mendicant who, giving up pleasure and pain … enters and remains in the fourth absorption.
To this extent the Buddha spoke of creating an opening amid confinement in a qualified sense.
But it is still confined.
Confined by what?
Whatever perception of form has not ceased is the confinement there.
Furthermore, take a mendicant who, going totally beyond perceptions of form, with the ending of perceptions of impingement, not focusing on perceptions of diversity, aware that ‘space is infinite’, enters and remains in the dimension of infinite space.
To this extent the Buddha spoke of creating an opening amid confinement in a qualified sense.
But it is still confined.
Confined by what?
Whatever perception of the dimension of infinite space has not ceased is the confinement there.
Furthermore, a mendicant, going totally beyond the dimension of infinite space, aware that ‘consciousness is infinite’, enters and remains in the dimension of infinite consciousness.
To this extent the Buddha spoke of creating an opening amid confinement in a qualified sense.
But it is still confined.
Confined by what?
Whatever perception of the dimension of infinite consciousness has not ceased is the confinement there.
Furthermore, a mendicant, going totally beyond the dimension of infinite consciousness, aware that ‘there is nothing at all’, enters and remains in the dimension of nothingness.
To this extent the Buddha spoke of creating an opening amid confinement in a qualified sense.
But it is still confined.
Confined by what?
Whatever perception of the dimension of nothingness has not ceased is the confinement there.
Furthermore, take a mendicant who, going totally beyond the dimension of nothingness, enters and remains in the dimension of neither perception nor non-perception.
To this extent the Buddha spoke of creating an opening amid confinement in a qualified sense.
But it is still confined.
Confined by what?
Whatever perception of neither perception nor non-perception has not ceased is the confinement there.
Furthermore, take a mendicant who, going totally beyond the dimension of neither perception nor non-perception, enters and remains in the cessation of perception and feeling. And, having seen with wisdom, their defilements come to an end.
To this extent the Buddha spoke of creating an opening amid confinement in a definitive sense.”